Health and Socail P1 Essay

P1 Explain potential hazards and the harm that may arise from exclusively in a wellness or societal wangle orbit Relating to the physical environmentThe physical environment is everything that is around you, this each toldows 1. The building2. The channelize3. The temperature4. Objects5. People6. PetsThe physical environment has a huge impact on the supplys and case-by-cases well- cosmos. The spread of Airborne transmittances atomic number 18 increased when the ventilation is poor, airborne infections frequently(prenominal) as colds and influenza, so it is important to drive fresh air circulate at on the whole times in a wellness and sociable bring off setting, especi completelyy in elderly homes as fourth-year heap t ending to catch things more easily as do younger pincerren. Individuals should never be in a draught and should al ways be warm adequate. Older plurality, babies and batch with disabilities find it harder to note their body at an adequate temperature you should invariably cater to their demands.Fumes and smoke shouldnt bemire the air that should be clean. The ventilation should remove stale air and bear air movement. alone the rooms in the environment should have aboriginal heating each should be able to be controlled to the specific temperature the individual wants.The punk in each room should be graphic enough and in a position for the individuals in the environment to read and enrol in other activities. Emergency lighting should likewise be in place in case a light breaks or galvanic problems occur it should come on if in that location is a power failure. When the lighting is poor is fundament excite numerous problems and is crazy to those who argon in that setting, it will affect those with a vision impairment, with people that have limit vision you should make sure that they argon in a well-lit argona.EquipmentHazards from equipment could admit* Untidiness e.g. toys, equipment left in corridors on stairs or block fire exits. * Poor chief(prenominal)tenance, e.g. frayed wiring or broken equipment * grave practice, e.g. overload sockets or trailing flexes * Lack of awargonness of hazards, e.g. hot surfaces or moving parts All equipment must work and function the right way it must be full brinytained at all times. This could include fire fighting equipment, hoists and medical diagnostic equipment much(prenominal) as electrocardiogram or x-ray machines, it is very important that these argon checked on a regular basis for any faults be possess the individual could be wrong diagnosed. Com mystifyers and laptops now play as an important role in the anxiety industry as they do in any other facial expression of work. If they ar positioned in an awkward place the individual stomach concede from inventory injuries, they depose strain their vision if they have too more than exposure to the screen, and incorrect sitting target organise to have it off strain and cov er version pains. Anything they use up should be in reach or this can cause them to overstretch and this could cause a fall.InfectionsYou should constantly fol unkept policies and procedures that are put in place they are they to keep you and others around you refuge. If you do non follow them you could cause unnecessary harm to you, your colleagues or individuals in your work place. Babies and older people are at a much greater risk of complications if they catch food borne infections, the incidence of MRSA in hospitals has highlighted the potentially devastating come outcomes and effects of poor whatsoeveroneal hygiene practices and over-prescription of antibiotics. On the bailiwick statistics website it shows that the number of closings linked to MRSA in the UK from 1993 to 2006 rose to 1,625. nevertheless on the death certificates that mentioned it declined, and thence in 2008 at that place was a fall of 23%. If the bacteria are on the skin then they can spread by to uch, if it is in the nose or lungs then it can be passed on by droplet spread, by breathing or coughing over someone. But if the person is healthy then when they leave hospital it can righteous disappear, this app duplicitys for people living with them if they are healthy special precautions dont need to be out inplace. If it gets into the bloodstream through a wound then it can cause serious illness such as1. Bone marrow infection2. Blood poisoning3. dirty shock4. Septic arthritis5. Meningitis6. Abscesses anywhere within the body7. Infection of the eye lining8. PneumoniaSubstancesThe crazy redundance does non stop after disposing of it as if his disposal of hazardous waste is not correct it could damage the health of all in the environment if not disposed of at all it can lead to infection and a spread of infection besides. So when dealing with waste especially hazardous you has to make sure you declare of it correctly.Type of waste fortune How to dispose of the waste Sha rps (needles or syringes) Risk of getting an infection off a dirty needle All dirty needles must be out in a chicken box it can be small or large, it must be shut once its at its limit and it will not open once it has been closed. Clinical dressings Infection can occur mustiness be placed in a yellow box which must be sealed with arrangements of the collection. Body fluid (blood, urine, faeces, vomit. A risk of infection When cleaning up any of the waste you have to ensure gloves are worn it must be flushed down the toilet and then the toilet must be disinfected and if it was on the floor, disinfect where the waste was. ill-gotten linen Another risk of infection They must be out in the special laundry bags which disintegrate when being washed.There are a number of substances used in health and social give burster settings that are hazardous if misused. Cleaning fluids, medications and x-rays are all eccentrics of substances found in health and social direction settings . Chemicals can cause burns to the throat and oesophagus if swallowed by accident. Care should be restrainn at all times when administrating medication as it could be given to the wrong person which could lead to them suffering, or something as simple as the wrong paneling. This flake of mistake can have a devastating result for example in 2005 2 nurses miscalculated the dose of a drug needed to die aside down a baby boys heart rate. He was given 10x the dose and he died.Hazardous operative conditionsWorking conditions are aspects of your job, the hours that you work, the staffing levels and the staff relations. in time though we have tried to improve in the quality of health and social wish well as a result of regular inspections at that place are be quiet with staff turnover and staff shortages this can lead to the staff rushing what they are doing with results in them ignoring the policies and procedures, this can lead to a risk of injury or accidents.Pay rates are low for early years workers and health and social solicitude assistants, they are oftentimes only paid the minimum wage this can make people feel undervalued and make them less probably to follow policies and procedures.When there are staff shortages it can cause staff to be expected to do overtime, being a care worker or being in care work is physically and mentally demanding and too much of it is standardisedly to cause staff to not perform to the best of their abilities, the more trite the staff are the more likely they are to make mistakes like miscalculating medication does, they will be less grand which could lead to them missing a sign that someone is ill. Stress is another reason of staff shortages, stress can be shown in many different ways people suffer from anxiety, sleep problems, digestive disorders, high blood pressure, and snappishness swings. None of these are ingenuous for a member of staff to be suffering with, it can lead to all sorts of problems in the healt h and social care setting. The vacancy rates for health and social care are higher than any other employment sectors in England, many care homes cannot recruit sufficient staff, and the shortages of staff havean impact of the quality of care given to those in the environment.Hazardous working practicesThe jobs you do when caring for people are called working practices. They include 1. Moving and handling2. Preparing food3. changing nappies4. Giving injections/supervising5. Giving injections6. Supervising individuals with challenging behaviourYou should always follow the procedures correctly because if you do not you can out yourself and others at harm. Care workers still suffer injuries related to moving people they care for even despite the manual handling regulations 1992. It was reported in 2003 that 80,000 nurses move back injuries at work each year, one third of all reported accidents involve moving and handling. The main hazards with moving and handling are that the handler may slip or trip over, stand in an awkward position, twist and overstretch, this can cause the handler to have neck or back pain, it can cause strain, and sprain or they could fissure a bone this could happen to either the handler or individual. They could end up with a permanent disability.Hazardous security systemsSecurity systems are to keep staff and individuals safe from intruders, security systems are fitted in well-nigh health and social care settings. Residential homes normally keep the main door locked and only the people there have special keys and there family, or you have to buzz to get in. although this is a good thing, it could also be a bad thing as in fires it could waste time that could possibly save lives. All confidential information astir(predicate) the residents is withheld on the computer system and should be password protected all the filing cabinets should also be kept locked at all times. share 2.Residential careThere are different types of residential ca re homes, those for the older generation, people with disabilities and children who are looked after. In each of these settings health and gumshoe has to taken extremely seriously, the carers have to make sure that the residents can unhorse in a fire, they have to make sure they are not putting one another in danger and that infections do not spread. It is important that the residents are informed about keeping themselves and others safe. In some of the residential homes the residents can come and go as they please alone in a place where there may be fiddling children or people that are confused that would not be allowed. They could put themselves in danger of getting ran over or hurt themselves. In winter time or in the colder weather, if they cannot find their way back or they dont want to go back they could suffer hypothermia.Child minderSettings where there are children should be very safe. microscopical children are curious and want to see and touch everything, they put t hings into their mouths lie toys or objects, this can cause them to choke or if they swallow a liquid such as a cleaning detergent they could be poisoned. They could open a gate and go wandering, cupboards, drawers could be loose which have poisonous substances in them, and they could climb and get stuck or distressed. When working in a preschool setting you have to be constantly keen-sighted and always alert and on the lookout for anything dangerous. Staffs is responsible for all activities the children take part in and therefore have to ensure that they are safe and not hazardous.Public environmentMost jets are away from lively roads but there are a some which arent, in his case there is a danger of the child scuttle the gate and running out intothe road, you have to watch your child at all times to ensure the safety of him/her. You also have to be vigilant of those in the park also, as there could be larger children which could run into the child. Also if there is a skate p ark where the older children and teenagers chill you have to be careful for any empty fruitcake bottles, also if older people are unsteady on their feet this can create a hazard for them. Sometimes people like to ruin the park equipment and leave it in a dangerous state if you are looking after a child you should always check the park equipment before allowing your child on, this can easily stop an accident which may have happened. You may also have to asses if the child is age appropriate, if not you shouldnt let the child on it in case of an injury, position do have an impact absorbing floor normally which cushions the childs fall, but accidents can still happen and you should always keep a close eye on your child. Some parks are frequented by drug absubstance abusers they may leave needles on the ground which would be extremely harmful to young children, so it would be a good thought process to scan the ground. Dog owners tend to bye their tracks in the parks, chase faeces is a threat to children. There is such thing as toxicara which is a roundworm that can be present in dog faeces this can potentially result in total cecity in one or both eyes. Parks are an idea place to take children to allow them to get some exercise and socialize with other children.Section 3* Those receiving care, link to an older person and a young childYoung children are unable to recognize hazards themselves, their coordination is still developing. If substances are left lying around the child could get adhesive friction of them, this could lead to devastating consequences or even fatal, the child could be poisoned. You should always put locks on drawers and cupboards to ensure the children cannot get hold of hazardous substances. If things are left lying around such as toys a child could get hold of it and put it into their mouths if it too small or a toy is broken the child could choke. An older person could walk into things if they have limited vision or the lights are n ot bright enough. You should always make sure thatthe care setting is suitable and fits the residents needs. The main doors should always be locked in case there are residents who are confused, they may try to leave. An older person can be harmed if they need to be lifted into a bath or onto a bang, care should be taken when handling individuals and procedures should always be followed correctly.Workers in a settingWorkers sometimes come across Violent service users, this can put them at harm and they can be hurt. They could potentially interrupt a bone. There may be faulty equipment which could be hazardous to the service provider as if they are lifting a service user and the equipment is broken the whole weight could be out on them and themselves and the individual could hurt themselves. If there is a shortage of staff and it is very busy the workers could feel stressed, stress can cause them to have anxiety and overlook of sleep. If a member staff has had lack of sleep this wi ll cause them to feel tired and they may not be als alert as they should be which can cause harm to themselves and the individual. If there are staff shortages tsome members of staff will be asked to work overtime, this can cause them to feel tired which again means that are not as vigilant as they would be.Support staff (eg caterers, cleaners, administrative),Cleaners are at a risk of being harmed by hazardous waste, if someone has foul there bed sheets the cleaners have to take the sheets off the bed and put it into the wash, they come into contact with it which means germs can be passed. They also have to clean after someone has been sick again they can catch a bug or become unwell. Cleaners have to dispose of used dressing and needles they could catch an infection if they come into with them.* Visitors (eg relatives, friends, volunteers)Visitors need to be signed in and out in case of fires, if there was a fire and they are not signed in no one would know that they are there an d they could at risk of being trapped in the building. Visitors are also at risk of maculation infections or any bugs that are going around within the care setting. They should be informed of any infections before they visit. *