HIV and Its Coreceptors Outline Essay -- Biology AIDS

What is human immunodeficiency virus?The Human insubordinate System * In order to visualise HIV, one must understand the human resistive system. The first line of defence reaction is a soulfulnesss skin, mucous membranes, and other secretions which prevent pathogens from ever entering your body. Pathogens atomic number 18 considered things your body does not want, for example bacteria and viruses. * The second line of defense includes nonspecific mechanisms which attempt to contain the spread of pathogens throughout ones body. The second line of defense relies heavily on the use of clean split cells, which ingest invading organisms. About 5% of white blood cells ar made of monocytes, which develop into macrophages. The role of these macrophages is vital to the human immune system, as they are able to engulf pathogens without having to self-importance destruct. * The bodys third line of defense is a highly specific promoter of distinguishing self from non-self and d estroying all non-self. All of one persons cells are marked with a unique set of proteins which label them as self. Certain cells in the body are capable of recognizing every antigen (molecules belong to viruses/bacteria) that may enter ones body over a lifetime. These cells include macrophages, T-Cells, B Cells, and interior thymus cells. These cells rely on athletic supporter T-Cells to alert them of antigens in the body, thus creating an immune response. Once recognized, Killer T-Cells actively destroy pathogens and even the bodys own cells if that have been invaded by a pathogen. How HIV attacks the Body * As commonly known, HIV cannot circularise your immune systems first line of defense. You cannot contract HIV by existent bad air or by holding the hand of soulfulness who is HIV positive. You have to wo... ... lymphocytes. Phipps and Branch observed Fyn Kinase activity in patients with and without HIV. Those with HIV contained high Fyn Kinase activity and low levels of Fyn protein. They also found that Fyn Kinase activity increases at bottom 30 minutes of infection of the CD4+ T cells. This new-found information revolutionized the way interrogatory for HIV occurs. ReferencesAlkhatib, G. et al, CC CKR5 A RANTES, MIP-alpha, MIP-1 beta Receptor as a Fusion Cofactor for macrophage-tropic HIV-1. intuition 272, 1955 (1996).Grimes, W., R. Hallick, M. Hewlett, J. Aronson, and B. Fishel. Biology 181 Laboratory Manual 2002. Hayden-McNeil Publishing, Inc.Moore, J.P. Co-receptors Implications for HIV Pathogenesis and Therapy. Science 276, 51, 1997.Purves, W., D. Sadava, G. Orians, and H. Heller. Life The Science of Biology , Sixth Edition 2001. Sinauer Associates, Inc.